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Depleting stocks of Precision Guided Munitions PGM used by European Air Forces could soon trigger a renewed demand for these weapons, and heat up the debate of cost versus efficiency. Recent news reports from the U. S. that claimed precision munitions stocks of certain NATO members were depleting quickly were rebuffed by official responses from Britain and France, claiming their air forces could continue unaffected at current operational tempo. However, Pentagon sources insisted Washington was in talks with NATO allies to ensure a sufficient supply of munitions for the Libya bombing campaign. NATO members maintaining smaller munitions stockpiles could be the most adversely affected. In a recent article published by Defense News, an unnamed British claimed Denmark did suffer precision weapons shortage, which was fulfilled by U. S. supplies. Britain and France are carrying out about half of the bombing raids in Libya with four other countries Belgium, Canada, Denmark and Norway conducting the rest. While European Air Forces are relying heavily on U. S. produced laser guided bombs mostly produced by Raytheon, these models are uniquely designed for specific European built platforms and are not readily available to replenish British or French stocks from U. S. munitions reserves. Although the United States has significant stockpiles, its munitions do not fit on the British and French made planes that have flown the bulk of the missions. The French Air Force uses the GBU 1. Paveway II GBU 2. Paveway III and GBU 4. Enhanced Laser Guided Bomb, adding a GPSINS to the basic GBU 1. The French Rafale fighters used by the Air Force and Navy also carry the AASM stand off guided munition. The British Royal Air Force uses Paveway II and Paveway III kits with 1,0. Tornado GR4 strike fighters. The Paveway IV loaded with 5. Tornado and was recently cleared for the Typhoon, a step soon followed by similar clearance of the European equivalent EGBU 1. German, Italian and Spanish versions of Typhoon. The European choice of enhanced LGB derive from its inherent all weather capability, considered better adaptable to the European climate. EGBU 1. 6 employs the 1,0. The Typhoon maintains an autonomously air to ground capability since 2. Litening III target acquisition and laser designation pod with laser guided munitions. Both types of weapons are combining GPSINS and laser guidance enabling high precision attack under adverse weather conditions that would hinder the use of standard LGBs. Precision has its Cost. How much European Air Forces will be asked to pay for replenishing their stock is yet unknown. Guided weapons are sold for 1. The scale of the orders should also determine the cost to each customer. Maturity of the weapon have a factor on the cost per unit. For example, a the cost of a basic JDAM kit as paid by the Pentagon was about 4. After producing almost quarter of a million weapon, Boeing could drop the cost to around 2. As weapons become more sophisticated, their cost increase Paveway II laser guidance kits were sold for 1. GPS, associated with the Paveway III version. Depending on the size of the weapon 4. Additional costs are involved with the integration of GPS navigation kits. Those comprise special anti jam receivers SASSM that further increase the cost of otherwise off the shelf capability. Overall, the cost of an EGBU 1. In the past decade Raytheon has sold over two billion worth of laser guided bombs, by far its most active production line of laser guided bombs. Boeing originally expected JDAM sales will add up to about two billion, but the conflicts in the Middle East and Central Asia have increased demand, actually doubling that figure. A much smaller, yet equally precise, stand off capable weapon is the GBU 3. Small Diameter Bomb SDB, sold for around 4. SDB carriage system. Future acquisitions will not require these elements and further reduce the cost of SDB munition replenishment acquisitions. A US Air Force B 2. A Stealth Bomber from the 3. Bomb Squadron, Whiteman Air Force Base AFB, Missouri MO, drops a GBU 3. Joint Direct Attack Munitions JDAM over the Utah Test and Training Range during exercise Combat Hammer, a Weapon System Evaluation Program WSEP conducted at Hill AFB, Utah UT. Photo US Air Force. More Bang More Bucks. There are also the more expensive options priced in the six digit range and up that offer advantages over the baseline precision weapons. More flexiblility, wider launch envelope, better stand off range, man in the loop capability, introducing manual corrections and piloting to achieve near 1. Typically, the more expensive weapons offer an important stand off capability launched from 5. Other benefits are less restrictive launch envelope and flexible mission planning. While these weapons are twice, or four times more expensive than laser guided bombs or J class weapons, these weapons offer a low cost alternative to much more expensive cruise missiles. When all these factors are measured, against potential attrition of aircraft, launching of additional missions to strike targets that were not eliminated in the first run, the cost of enhanced weapons, particularly those designed for killing SurfaceAir Missile sites, attacking high value targets in the first stages of the conflict, or when operating in conditions where air supermacy cannot be achieved, the higher cost of such weapons pays off in great saving in human lives, aircraft, weapons and operational expense. Two representatives of this class are the Israeli SPICE and French AASM and, to some extent, the American Joint Stand Off Weapon JSOW C1. Free Download Cricket Revolution 2011 Full Version Pc. A six AASM load being transported to the flight line, for loading on a Rafale fighter at th e. French Air Force base in Solenzara, Sardinia. Photo French Air Force. Operational with the French Air Force, and French Naval Aviation, AASM was first deployed in Afghanistan with the French Rafale in 2. The baseline AASM kit comprises of the INSGPS guidance system, designed for standard 2. The AASM family will eventually include 1. Since the French forces have received only the initial deliveries of 3,5. It is assumed that new weapons could be delivered at considerably lower costs than the original ones, as the manufacturer has stepped up the learning curve. Nevertheless, the cost of a basic AASM is still expected to ship at around 3. European air forces considering their future PGM roadmaps could also consider the Israeli Spice, for their stand off, autonomous attack capability. Earlier in 2. 01. Greece has awarded the Israeli company Rafael Advanced Defense Systems a contract worth about 1. SPICE 1. 00. 0 weapons for the Hellenic Air Force while this deal reflects almost 4. SPICE is available in 2,0. The weapon uses GPSINS navigation with electro optical guidance and homing techniques to achieve accurate and effective destruction of high value targets with pinpoint accuracy and at high attack volumes. An major advantage of the Israeli weapon is its adaptability to the Tornado and F 1. European Air Forces and the integration with Rafaels Reccelite tactical recce pod, enhancing the weapons ability to rapidly respond in engaging time critical targets from stand off range. Reccelite is already employed by a number of NATO air forces, including the Italian, Dutch and Royal Air Force.